Amamojula we-Solar photovoltaic, owaziwa nangokuthi ama-solar panel, ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zamandla elanga. Amamojula aklanyelwe ukuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi, okwenza kube ngumdlali obalulekile emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo. Umklamo wesifunda wamamojula we-solar photovoltaic ubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kahle nokuphephile kwalezi zinhlelo. Kulesi sihloko, sizocubungula ubunkimbinkimbi bomklamo wesekethe ye-solar PV, sihlola izingxenye ezibalulekile nokucatshangelwa okuhilelekile.
Umnyombo we-solar PV module yiseli ye-photovoltaic (PV), enesibopho sokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi. Lawa maseli ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ze-semiconductor ezifana ne-silicon, futhi uma evezwe elangeni, akhiqiza i-voltage yamanje (DC) eqondile. Ukuze usebenzise la mandla kagesi, umklamo wesifunda we-solar photovoltaic module uhlanganisa izingxenye eziningana ezibalulekile.
Enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko kumklamo wesifunda se-solar photovoltaic module yi-bypass diode. Ama-bypass diode ahlanganiswe kumojuli ukuze kwehliswe imithelela yesithunzi noma ukwehluleka kweseli ngokwengxenye. Uma i-solar cell i-shaded noma yonakalisiwe, iba yisithiyo ekuhambeni kukagesi, ukunciphisa ukukhishwa okuphelele kwemodyuli. Ama-bypass diode ahlinzeka ngenye indlela yokuthi amanje adlule amaseli anethunzi noma ahlulekile, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kukonke kwemojuli akuthinteki kakhulu.
Ngaphandle kwama-bypass diode, umklamo wesifunda wamamojula we-solar photovoltaic uhlanganisa namabhokisi okuhlangana. Ibhokisi lokuhlangana lisebenza njengesixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwamamojula e-PV nohlelo lukagesi lwangaphandle. Igcina ukuxhumana kukagesi, ama-diode nezinye izingxenye ezidingekayo ukuze imojuli isebenze ngokuphepha nangempumelelo. Ibhokisi lokuhlangana liphinde linikeze isivikelo ezicini zemvelo ezifana nomswakama nothuli, ukuvikela izingxenye zangaphakathi zemojuli.
Ukwengeza, umklamo wesifunda wamamojula we-solar PV uhlanganisa izilawuli zokushaja, ikakhulukazi kumasistimu angaphandle kwegridi noma ama-stand-alone. Izilawuli zokushaja zilawula ukugeleza kukagesi kusuka kumaphaneli elanga ukuya kuphakethe lebhethri, kuvimbele ukushajwa ngokweqile kanye nokuphuma okujulile kwebhethri. Lokhu kubalulekile ekwandiseni impilo yebhethri nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza okuphelele kwesimiso sonozungezilanga.
Lapho uklama ama-solar photovoltaic module circuits, i-voltage nezilinganiso zamanje zalo lonke uhlelo kufanele zicatshangelwe. Ukumiswa kwamamojula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuchungechunge, ukuhambisana noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili, kuthinta i-voltage kanye namazinga amanje ngaphakathi kwesekethe. Ukulinganisa okufanelekile kwesifunda nokucushwa kubalulekile ekwandiseni ukuphuma kwamandla amamojula we-solar photovoltaic ngenkathi kugcinwa ukuphepha nobuqotho besistimu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umklamo wesifunda wamamojula we-solar photovoltaic kufanele uhambisane nezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele kanye nemithethonqubo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubekwa phansi okufanele kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-overcurrent ukuvimbela izingozi zikagesi. Ukuhambisana nalezi zindinganiso kuqinisekisa ukufakwa okuphephile nokusebenza kwamasistimu elanga, ukuvikela imishini kanye nalabo abahilelekile.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ivumele izilungiseleli zamandla kanye nama-microinverter ukuthi ahlanganiswe ekwakhiweni kwesekethe yamamojula we-solar PV. Lawa madivayisi athuthukisa ukusebenza kwemojuli ngokulungiselela ngawodwana amandla okukhipha amandla ephaneli ngayinye yelanga kanye nokuguqula wamanje oqondile ube wamanje oshintshanayo (AC) ukuze usetshenziswe ezindaweni zokuhlala noma ezohwebo. Ngokuhlanganisa lawa ma-electronics athuthukile, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zelanga kuthuthukiswa kakhulu.
Ekuphetheni, umklamo wesifunda wamamojula we-solar PV udlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kwesimiso sonozungezilanga. Ngokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezifana nama-bypass diode, amabhokisi okuhlanganisa, izilawuli zokushaja kanye ne-electronics ethuthukisiwe, umklamo wesifunda uqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphephile kwamamojula we-solar photovoltaic. Njengoba isidingo samandla avuselelekayo siqhubeka sikhula, ukubaluleka kwamasekethe aqinile futhi aklanywe kahle kumamojula we-solar photovoltaic kuya ngokuya kubonakala, kuvula indlela yekusasa lamandla esimeme.
Uma unesithakazelo kumamojula we-solar photovoltaic, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana ne-Radiancengokwesilinganiso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-08-2024