Amaphaneli elanganamaseli elanga adlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenziseni amandla elanga. Nokho, abantu abaningi bavame ukusebenzisa amagama athi “solar panel” nelithi “solar cell” ngokushintshana ngaphandle kokuqaphela ukuthi awayona into efanayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena ngokujulile emhlabeni wamandla elanga futhi sixoxe ngomehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga namaseli elanga.
Okokuqala, ake siqale siqonde ukuthi liyini iseli lelanga. Amaseli elanga, aziwa nangokuthi amaseli e-photovoltaic, angamadivayisi aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube amandla kagesi. Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngezinto ze-semiconductor, njenge-silicon, ezinekhono lokumunca ama-photon (izinhlayiya zokukhanya) futhi zikhulule ama-electron. Lawa ma-electron akhululiwe akhiqiza amandla kagesi, angasetshenziselwa izinjongo ezihlukahlukene.
Iphaneli yelanga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iqukethe amaseli elanga axhumene amaningi. Zenzelwe ukuthwebula ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ziguqule zibe ugesi ngezinga elikhulu. Nakuba amaseli elanga eyizingxenye zamaphaneli elanga, amaphaneli elanga angamayunithi aphelele afakwe ophahleni lwendlu noma ezitshalweni ezinkulu zamandla elanga.
Omunye umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga namaseli elanga wukusebenza kwawo. Amaseli elanga ajwayele ukusetshenziswa emishinini emincane efana nezibali, amawashi, ngisho nemikhumbi-mkhathi. Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuhlangene nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, zilungele ukunika amandla amadivaysi e-elekthronikhi aphathwayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-solar panel asetshenziswa kakhulu ukukhiqiza ugesi ngezinga elikhulu. Ziyinketho yokuqala yezicelo zokuhlala, ezohwebo, nezimboni.
Omunye umehluko phakathi kwamaphaneli elanga namaseli elanga ukusebenza kahle kwawo. Amaseli elanga ajwayele ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kunamaphaneli elanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi amaseli elanga angakwazi ukuguqula ingxenye ephezulu yokukhanya kwelanga ibe ugesi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yentuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza, ukusebenza kahle okuphelele kwama-solar panels kuyathuthuka ngokushesha.
Ukwengeza, amaphaneli elanga namaseli elanga anezidingo ezihlukene zokufaka. Ngenxa yobukhulu bawo obuncane, amangqamuzana elanga angahlanganiswa kalula ezintweni ezihlukahlukene noma izindawo. Isibonelo, zingashumekwa kumafasitela wokwakha noma zihlanganiswe kumashaja elanga aguquguqukayo, aphathekayo. Amaphaneli elanga, ngakolunye uhlangothi, adinga indawo enkulu yokufaka, ngokuvamile uphahla noma indawo evulekile.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi amaphaneli elanga angabuye ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: i-silicon ye-monocrystalline ne-polycrystalline silicon. Amaphaneli elanga e-Monocrystalline enziwe ngesakhiwo sekristalu esisodwa, esibanika ukubukeka okufanayo nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-solar panel e-Polycrystalline enziwa ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlaka zekristalu, ezinikeza ukubukeka kwawo okunamabala. Nakuba amaphaneli e-polycrystalline esebenza kancane kancane kunamaphaneli e-monocrystalline, ngokuvamile ashibhile.
Kafushane, kuyilapho amaphaneli elanga namaseli elanga kokubili kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile zesimiso sonozungezilanga, ahluke ngobukhulu, isicelo, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nezidingo zokufakwa. Ukuqonda lo mehluko kungasiza abantu benze izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho besebenzisa insada yamandla elanga. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ifaka isibali sakho ngamaseli elanga noma ukufaka amaphaneli elanga ophahleni lwakho, amandla elanga ngokungangabazeki ayisixazululo esihlanzekile nesimeme kuzidingo zethu zamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-08-2023