Amaphaneli elangasebehambe ibanga elide kusukela baqala, futhi ikusasa labo libukeka liqhakazile kunakuqala. Umlando wamaphaneli elanga uhlehlela emuva ekhulwini le-19, lapho isazi sefiziksi saseFrance u-Alexandre Edmond Becquerel eqala ukuthola umphumela we-photovoltaic. Lokhu kutholwa kwabeka isisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli elanga njengoba siwazi namuhla.
Ukusetshenziswa kokuqala okungokoqobo kwamaphaneli elanga kwenzeka ngawo-1950, lapho ayesetshenziselwa ukunika amandla amasathelayithi emkhathini. Lokhu kwaphawula ukuqala kwenkathi yesimanje sonozungezilanga, njengoba abacwaningi nonjiniyela baqala ukuhlola amandla okusebenzisa amandla elanga ukuze kusetshenziswe umhlaba.
Ngawo-1970, inkinga kawoyela yavuselela isithakazelo kumandla elanga njengenye indlela esebenzayo kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Lokhu kuye kwaholela ekuthuthukisweni okuphawulekayo kobuchwepheshe bephaneli yelanga, okubenza busebenze kahle futhi bufinyeleleke ekusetshenzisweni kwezohwebo nezindawo zokuhlala. Ngeminyaka yawo-1980, amaphaneli elanga asetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni ezingaphandle kwegridi njengokuxhumana ngocingo olude kanye nokufakwa kukagesi ezindaweni zasemakhaya.
Ngokushesha phambili kuze kube namuhla, futhi amaphaneli elanga abe umthombo ovamile wamandla avuselelekayo. Ukuthuthuka kwezinqubo zokukhiqiza nezinto zokwakha kuye kwehlise izindleko zamaphaneli elanga, okwenza ukuba kufinyeleleke kalula kuhlu olubanzi lwabathengi. Ukwengeza, izinxephezelo zikahulumeni kanye noxhaso buye lwagqugquzela ukwamukelwa kwelanga, okuholele ekwandeni kokufakwa kwemishini emhlabeni wonke.
Uma sibheka phambili, ikusasa lamapaneli elanga liyathembisa. Imizamo yocwaningo nentuthuko eqhubekayo igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kwamaphaneli elanga ukuze angabizi kakhulu futhi angabi nemvelo. Ukuqamba izinto ezintsha nezinto zokwakha kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphaneli elanga esizukulwaneni esilandelayo alula, ahlala isikhathi eside, futhi kulula ukuwafaka.
Enye yentuthuko ejabulisa kakhulu emhlabeni wephaneli yelanga ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Ngokuhlanganisa amaphaneli elanga namabhethri, abanikazi bezindlu namabhizinisi bangagcina amandla engeziwe akhiqizwa emini ukuze asetshenziswe ebusuku noma lapho ukukhanya kwelanga kuphansi. Lokhu akugcini nje ukwandisa inani eliphelele lesimiso sonozungezilanga, kodwa futhi kusiza ukuxazulula inkinga yezikhawu zokuphehla amandla elanga.
Enye indawo yokwenza izinto ezintsha ukusetshenziswa kwe-photovoltaics ehlanganisiwe yesakhiwo (i-BIPV), okubandakanya ukuhlanganisa amaphaneli elanga ngqo ezintweni zokwakha ezinjengophahla, amafasitela nama-facade. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ubuhle besakhiwo kodwa futhi kukhulisa ukusetshenziswa kwendawo etholakalayo yokukhiqiza amandla elanga.
Ukwengeza, liyakhula isithakazelo emcabangweni wamapulazi elanga, ukufakwa kwezinga elikhulu okusebenzisa amandla elanga ukukhiqiza ugesi wemiphakathi yonke. Lawa mapulazi asebenzisa amandla elanga aya ngokuya esebenza ngendlela esebenza kahle futhi engabizi kakhulu, okunomthelela ekuguqukeleni ekubeni nengqalasizinda yamandla esimeme futhi evuselelekayo.
Ngokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngamandla elanga neziteshi zokushaja, ikusasa lamapaneli elanga liphinde lidlulele kwezokuthutha. Amaphaneli elanga ahlanganiswe ophahleni lwemoto kagesi asiza ukunweba ibanga layo lokushayela futhi anciphise ukuthembela ekushajweni kwegridi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziteshi zokushaja ilanga zinikeza amandla ahlanzekile futhi avuselelekayo ezimotweni zikagesi, okuqhubeka nokunciphisa umthelela wazo emvelweni.
Kafushane, inkathi edlule nekusasa lamaphaneli elanga ahlanganiswe nefa lokuqamba izinto ezintsha nenqubekela phambili. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo okuthobekile njengobuchwepheshe be-niche kuya esimweni sawo samanje njengomthombo ojwayelekile wamandla avuselelekayo, amaphaneli elanga abe nenqubekelaphambili emangalisayo. Uma sibheka phambili, ikusasa lamapaneli elanga liyathembisa, ngokucwaninga okuqhubekayo nemizamo yokuthuthukisa eqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe belanga. Njengoba umhlaba uqhubeka nokuguqukela ekubeni nekusasa lamandla ahlanzekile futhi ahlanzekile, amaphaneli elanga azodlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni indlela esinika amandla ngayo amakhaya ethu, amabhizinisi kanye nemiphakathi.
Uma unentshisekelo kumaphaneli elanga e-monocrystalline, wamukelekile ukuthintana neRadiance ukuzethola isilinganiso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-03-2024