Amaphakethe webhethri e-Lithium aguqule indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amadivaysi ethu e-elekthronikhi. Kusuka kuma-Smartphones ezitayelweni zikagesi, lezi zinto ezingasindi futhi ezisebenzayo zamandla kagesi seziyingxenye ebalulekile yezimpilo zethu zansuku zonke. Kodwa-ke, ukuthuthukiswa kweI-Lithium Battery Clustersayizange ibe ngomkhumbi obushelelezi. Kudlule ezinye izinguquko ezinkulu kanye nokuthuthuka eminyakeni edlule. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola umlando wamaphakethe webhethri le-lithium nokuthi bavele kanjani ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zethu ezikhulayo zamandla.
Ibhethri lokuqala le-lithium-ion lakhiwa nguStanley Whittingham ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, okumaka ukuqala kwe-Lithium Battery Revolution. Ibhethri likaWhitHitham lisebenzisa i-titanium diselfide njenge-cathode ne-lithium Metal njenge-anode. Yize lolu hlobo lwebhethri lunobunzima obuphakeme lwamandla, alusebenzi kwezentengiso ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokuphepha. I-Lithium Metal isebenza kakhulu futhi ingadala ukubaleka okushisayo, okwenza imililo yebhethri noma ukuqhuma.
Emzamweni wokunqoba izingqinamba zokuphepha ezihambisana namabhethri e-lithium Metal, uJohn B. Oneenough neqembu lakhe e-University of Oxford bathola ukutholwa okuphansi ngawo-1980. Bathole ukuthi ngokusebenzisa i-cathode yensimbi yensimbi esikhundleni se-lithium Metal, ubungozi bokugijima okushisayo bungasuswa. I-Goodeewough's Lithium Cobalt oxide Cathodes yaguqula imboni futhi yaveza indlela yamabhethri athuthuke kakhulu we-lithium-ion esiwasebenzisa namuhla.
Intuthuko enkulu elandelayo emaphaketheni ebhethri le-lithium yafika ngeminyaka yama-1990s lapho uYoshio Nishi nethimba lakhe eSony bakhula ngebhethri lokuqala le-Lithium-Ion. Bathathe indawo ye-angode yensimbi esebenzayo ye-lithium esebenzayo nge-anode entende ye-graphite, ngcono ukuphepha kwebhethri. Ngenxa yobuningi babo bamandla aphezulu kanye nempilo ende yabajikelezo, la mabhethri ngokushesha waba umthombo wamandla ojwayelekile wamadivayisi we-elekhthronikhi aphathekayo afana nama-laptops nezingcingo eziphathwayo.
Esikhathini sokuqala kwe-2000s, amaphakethe ebhethri le-lithium athola izinhlelo ezintsha embonini yezimoto. UTesla, owasungulwa nguMartin Erberhard noMark Torpenning, wethule imoto yokuqala kagesi ephumelele yezentengiselwano enikezwe amandla ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Lokhu kuphawula ingqophamlando ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphakethe ebhethri le-lithium, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwawo akusekho kukhawulelwe ku-elekthronikhi ephathekayo. Izimoto zikagesi ezixhaswe yi-Lithium Battery Packs zinikeza enye indlela ehlanzekile, ememezele ngokwengeziwe ezimotweni ezinamandla kaphethiloli.
Njengoba ukufunwa kwamaphakethe webhethri le-lithium bakhula, imizamo yocwaningo igxile ekukhuliseni amandla abo namandla abo jikelele. Enye intuthuko enjalo kwaba ukwethulwa kwama-anodo e-silicon. I-Silicon inamandla amakhulu wethiyori okugcina ama-lithium ions, angakhulisa kakhulu ukuhlukunyezwa kwamandla kwamabhethri. Kodwa-ke, ama-silicon anode abhekana nezinselelo ezinjengevolumu ebabazekayo eshintsha phakathi nemijikelezo yokukhipha umsele, okuholele empilweni emshintshiwe. Abaphenyi basebenza ngenkuthalo ukunqoba lezi zinselelo ukuvula amandla aphelele ama-anode asuselwa ku-silicon.
Enye indawo yocwaningo i-solid-State Lithium Clusters. Lawa mabhethri asebenzisa ama-electrolyte aqinile esikhundleni sama-electrolyte atholakala kumabhethri endabuko we-lithium-ion. Amabhethri e-Solid-State anikela ngezinzuzo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukuphepha okukhulu, ubungako bamandla aphezulu, kanye nempilo ende yokujikeleza. Kodwa-ke, ukuthengiswa kwabo kusesigabeni sokuqala nasekuqhubekeni kocwaningo kanye nokuthuthuka kuyadingeka ukunqoba izinselelo zezobuchwepheshe futhi kunciphise izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Uma ubheka phambili, ikusasa leLithium Battery Cluster libonakala lithembisa. Isidingo sokugcina amandla siyaqhubeka ukukhuphuka, okuqhutshwa yimakethe yemoto ekhulayo kanye nesidingo sokuhlanganiswa kwamandla okuvuselelekayo. Imizamo yocwaningo igxile ekuthuthukiseni amabhethri anobunzima obukhulu bamandla, amakhono okushaja ngokushesha, impilo yempilo ende. Ama-Lithium Battery Clusters azodlala indima ebalulekile ekushintsheni kokuhlanza, okuzayo okuzinzile kwamandla.
Ukufingqa, umlando wentuthuko wamaphakethe webhethri le-lithium ubone okusha komuntu nokwenza izinto eziphephile futhi ezisebenza kahle zamandla. Kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zamabhethri we-lithium Metal kumabhethri athuthukile we-lithium-ion esiwasebenzisa namuhla, sikubone ukuthuthuka okubalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Njengoba siqhubeka nokucindezela imingcele yalokho okungenzeka, amaphakethe ebhethri le-lithium azoqhubeka nokuvela futhi amise ikusasa lokugcinwa kwamandla.
Uma unentshisekelo kuma-Lithium Battery Clusters, wamukelekile ukuxhumana nama-radiance ukuzeThola isilinganiso.
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-24-2023